Classes and Objects

Classes and Objects

In object-oriented programming, the concepts of classes and objects are fundamental. A class is a blueprint for creating objects. An object is an instance of a class. This means that a class defines the properties and behaviours that the objects created from it will have.

What is a Class?

A class is a user-defined data type that contains variables and methods. Variables are known as attributes or properties, while methods are functions that define the behaviours of the class. For example, consider a class called Car.

class Car {
    string colour;
    string model;
    int year;

    void start() {
        // Code to start the car
    }
}

In this example, the Car class has three attributes: colour, model, and year. It also has a method called start that defines what happens when the car starts.

What is an Object?

An object is an instance of a class. When you create an object, you allocate memory for it and set its attributes. For example, you can create an object of the Car class as follows:

Car myCar = new Car();
myCar.colour =